Chemomechanical regulation of growing tissues from a thermodynamically-consistent framework and its application to tumor spheroid growth

TL;DR

This paper develops a thermodynamically consistent framework combining mechanics and biochemistry to predict tissue growth patterns, validated with tumor spheroid experiments and analyzing key parameters influencing growth behavior.

Contribution

It introduces a novel energy-based model integrating elastic and chemical energies for chemomechanical regulation of tissue growth, validated with experimental tumor spheroid data.

Findings

Model accurately predicts tumor spheroid growth patterns.

Mechanical feedback significantly influences growth dynamics.

External stimuli alter tissue growth behavior.

Abstract

It is widely recognized that reciprocal interactions between cells and their microenvironment, via mechanical forces and biochemical signaling pathways, regulate cell behaviors during normal development, homeostasis and disease progression such as cancer. However, it is still not well understood how complex patterns of tissue growth emerge. Here, we propose a framework for the chemomechanical regulation of growth based on thermodynamics of continua and growth-elasticity to predict growth patterns. Combining the elastic and chemical energies, we use an energy variational approach to derive a novel formulation that incorporates an energy-dissipating stress relaxation and biochemomechanical regulation of the volumetric growth rate. We validate the model using experimental data from growth of tumor spheroids in confined environments. We also investigate the influence of model parameters, including tissue rearrangement rate, tissue compressibility, strength of mechanical feedback and external mechanical stimuli, on the growth patterns of tumor spheroids.