GuardSplat: Efficient and Robust Watermarking for 3D Gaussian Splatting

TL;DR

GuardSplat introduces a novel watermarking framework for 3D Gaussian Splatting that ensures high accuracy, security, invisibility, and robustness, leveraging CLIP guidance and spherical harmonic features.

Contribution

It presents the first CLIP-guided, SH-aware watermarking method tailored for 3D Gaussian Splatting assets, enhancing security and efficiency.

Findings

Outperforms state-of-the-art watermarking methods.

Achieves high-accuracy message extraction with minimal fidelity loss.

Demonstrates robustness against various distortions.

Abstract

3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has recently created impressive 3D assets for various applications. However, considering security, capacity, invisibility, and training efficiency, the copyright of 3DGS assets is not well protected as existing watermarking methods are unsuited for its rendering pipeline. In this paper, we propose GuardSplat, an innovative and efficient framework for watermarking 3DGS assets. Specifically, 1) We propose a CLIP-guided pipeline for optimizing the message decoder with minimal costs. The key objective is to achieve high-accuracy extraction by leveraging CLIP's aligning capability and rich representations, demonstrating exceptional capacity and efficiency. 2) We tailor a Spherical-Harmonic-aware (SH-aware) Message Embedding module for 3DGS, seamlessly embedding messages into the SH features of each 3D Gaussian while preserving the original 3D structure. This enables watermarking 3DGS assets with minimal fidelity trade-offs and prevents malicious users from removing the watermarks from the model files, meeting the demands for invisibility and security. 3) We present an Anti-distortion Message Extraction module to improve robustness against various distortions. Experiments demonstrate that GuardSplat outperforms state-of-the-art and achieves fast optimization speed. Project page is at https://narcissusex.github.io/GuardSplat, and Code is at https://github.com/NarcissusEx/GuardSplat.