Quantum Simulation of Large N Lattice Gauge Theories

TL;DR

This paper develops a quantum simulation framework for large N lattice gauge theories, simplifying the Hamiltonian and Hilbert space representations for non-perturbative QCD dynamics.

Contribution

It introduces a large N expansion approach for Hamiltonian lattice gauge theories, enabling efficient quantum simulation with simplified interactions and Hilbert space truncations.

Findings

Hamiltonian simplifies at leading order in 1/Nc

Explicit qubit and qutrit representations for SU(3) gauge fields

Framework facilitates quantum simulation of non-perturbative QCD

Abstract

A Hamiltonian lattice formulation of lattice gauge theories opens the possibility for quantum simulations of the non-perturbative dynamics of QCD. By parametrizing the gauge invariant Hilbert space in terms of plaquette degrees of freedom, we show how the Hilbert space and interactions can be expanded in inverse powers of $N_c$. At leading order in this expansion, the Hamiltonian simplifies dramatically, both in the required size of the Hilbert space as well as the type of interactions involved. Adding a truncation of the resulting Hilbert space in terms of local electric energy states we give explicit constructions that allow simple representations of SU(3) gauge fields on qubits and qutrits to leading order in large $N_c$