Single Antenna Tracking and Localization of RIS-enabled Vehicular Users

TL;DR

This paper introduces novel algorithms for localizing and tracking RIS-enabled vehicular users using a single antenna transmitter and multiple receivers, significantly improving accuracy over traditional ToA-based methods.

Contribution

It proposes new geometry-based localization and tracking algorithms leveraging RIS reflections with a single Tx and multiple Rxs, and analyzes their performance bounds.

Findings

Localization error reduced by up to three times compared to ToA methods.

Proposed algorithms achieve high accuracy in tracking vehicular users.

CRLB analysis confirms the effectiveness of the approach.

Abstract

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) are envisioned to be employed in next generation wireless networks to enhance the communication and radio localization services. In this paper, we propose novel localization and tracking algorithms exploiting reflections through RISs at multiple receivers. We utilize a single antenna transmitter (Tx) and multiple single antenna receivers (Rxs) to estimate the position and the velocity of users (e.g. vehicles) equipped with RISs. Then, we design the RIS phase shifts to separate the signals from different users. The proposed algorithms exploit the geometry information of the signal at the RISs to localize and track the users. We also conduct a comprehensive analysis of the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) of the localization system. Compared to the time of arrival (ToA)-based localization approach, the proposed method reduces the localization error by a factor up to three. Also, the simulation results show the accuracy of the proposed tracking approach.