Evaporating black holes in de Sitter expanding universe

TL;DR

This paper constructs models of evaporating black holes within an expanding de Sitter universe using new solutions to Einstein's equations, highlighting the dynamics driven by black hole-environment interactions without extra matter or thermodynamics.

Contribution

It introduces novel solutions to Einstein's equations that model black hole evaporation in an expanding universe without additional matter or thermodynamic assumptions.

Findings

Black hole mass dissipates into dust during evaporation.

The background universe expands and approaches an asymptotic state.

Black hole-environment interaction solely drives the evaporation process.

Abstract

Models of evaporating black holes are constructed using the new solutions of Einstein's equations with perfect fluid in space-times with FLRW asymptotic behaviour derived recently [I. I. Cotaescu, Eur. Phys. J. C (2022) 82:86]. The dynamics of these models is exclusively due to the interplay between black holes and their environments, without resorting to additional matter sources or thermodynamic considerations. During evaporation the black hole mass dissipates into a cloud of dust which replaces the black hole while the background expands tending to the asymptotic one.