Friedel oscillations in one-dimensional 4He

TL;DR

This study uses quantum Monte Carlo simulations and Luttinger liquid theory to analyze Friedel oscillations in one-dimensional helium-4 confined in nanopores, revealing bosonic analogs of Fermi surface phenomena.

Contribution

It demonstrates the emergence of Friedel oscillations in a bosonic quantum liquid and predicts observable signatures in experiments involving helium in nanopores.

Findings

Friedel oscillations appear in 1D bosonic helium without a Fermi surface.

Predicted experimental signatures include elastic scattering and transport variations.

Results show the impact of localized constrictions on quantum liquid density patterns.

Abstract

One-dimensional bosonic systems, such as helium confined to nanopores, exhibit Luttinger liquid behavior characterized by density waves as collective excitations. We investigate the impact of a scattering potential on a low dimensional quantum liquid. We consider a microscopic model of $^4$He inside a perturbed nanopore with a localized constriction, and employ quantum Monte Carlo simulations to analyze the density of the core within an effective low-energy framework. Our results reveal the emergence of Friedel oscillations in a bosonic quantum liquid without a Fermi surface. Furthermore, we utilize the Luttinger liquid model to predict experimentally observable signatures of this pinning phenomena in elastic scattering and via the temperature and pressure dependence of mass transport through the deformed nanopore.