Exploring hadron-quark phase transition in heavy-ion collisions using particle emission ratios in heavy and light reaction systems

TL;DR

This study uses the AMPT model to analyze particle emission ratios in heavy-ion collisions, revealing their sensitivity to the hadron-quark phase transition across different reaction systems.

Contribution

It introduces the use of emission ratios of strange particles as indicators for the hadron-quark phase transition in heavy-ion collisions.

Findings

Emission ratios of strange particles are highly sensitive to phase transition.

Heavy and light reaction systems show distinct emission ratio patterns.

Results are validated through detailed analysis.

Abstract

Based on the AMPT model, which incorporates both hadronic and quark degrees of freedom, we studied the productions of lambda, kaon, proton, and pion in reaction systems $^{40}$Ca+$^{40}$Ca, $^{48}$Ca+$^{48}$Ca, and $^{197}$Au+$^{197}$Au. It is found that the ratios of identical particle emissions from heavy and light reaction systems, especially the emission ratios of strange particles $\Lambda^{0}$ or K$^{+}$ in heavy and light reaction systems, are highly sensitive to the hadron-quark phase transition in heavy-ion collisions. Detailed explanations and validations of these results are given.