High-fidelity universal gates in the $^{171}$Yb ground state nuclear spin qubit

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a high-fidelity, universal set of quantum gates on $^{171}$Yb nuclear spin qubits in neutral atom arrays, achieving over 99.7% fidelity, advancing neutral atom quantum computing capabilities.

Contribution

The work introduces a universal high-fidelity gate set with parallel control on $^{171}$Yb nuclear spin qubits, including a novel calibration method for multi-parameter gates.

Findings

Two-qubit gate fidelity of 99.72% with post-selection

Over 200 Clifford gates tested with high fidelity

Effective calibration method for complex quantum gates

Abstract

Arrays of optically trapped neutral atoms are a promising architecture for the realization of quantum computers. In order to run increasingly complex algorithms, it is advantageous to demonstrate high-fidelity and flexible gates between long-lived and highly coherent qubit states. In this work, we demonstrate a universal high-fidelity gate-set with individually controlled and parallel application of single-qubit gates and two-qubit gates operating on the ground-state nuclear spin qubit in arrays of tweezer-trapped $^{171}$Yb atoms. We utilize the long lifetime, flexible control, and high physical fidelity of our system to characterize native gates using single and two-qubit Clifford and symmetric subspace randomized benchmarking circuits with more than 200 CZ gates applied to one or two pairs of atoms. We measure our two-qubit entangling gate fidelity to be 99.72(3)% (99.40(3)%) with (without) post-selection. In addition, we introduce a simple and optimized method for calibration of multi-parameter quantum gates. These results represent important milestones towards executing complex and general quantum computation with neutral atoms.