Fragmentation of Nuclear Remnants in Electron-Nucleus Collisions at High Energy as a Nonextensive Process

TL;DR

This paper models nuclear fragmentation in high-energy electron-nucleus collisions as a nonextensive process using partitioning methods and Tsallis statistics, predicting multiplicity distributions and deviations due to alpha-cluster structures.

Contribution

It introduces a nonextensive statistical framework to describe nuclear fragmentation, incorporating partitioning methods and alpha-cluster effects without relying on the traditional alpha-cluster model.

Findings

Predicted multiplicity distributions for specific excited nuclei.

Identified deviations in charge distribution due to alpha-cluster structures.

Derived nonextensive parameters like temperature and entropy index from fragmentation data.

Abstract

Utilizing a partitioning method based on equal (or unequal) probabilities -- without incorporating the alpha-cluster ($\alpha$-cluster) model -- allows for the derivation of diverse topological configurations of nuclear fragments resulting from fragmentation. Subsequently, we predict the multiplicity distribution of nuclear fragments for specific excited nuclei, such as $^9$Be$^*$, $^{12}$C$^*$, and $^{16}$O$^*$, which can be formed as nuclear remnants in electron-nucleus ($eA$) collisions at high energy. Based on the $\alpha$-cluster model, an $\alpha$-cluster structure may result in deviations in the multiplicity distributions of nuclear fragments with charge $Z=2$, compared to those predicted by the partitioning methods. Furthermore, in the framework of Tsallis statistics, the nonextensive generalized temperature, entropy index, and $q$-entropy are obtained from the multiplicity distribution of nuclear fragments with given charge number. Our work shows that fragmentation of nuclear remnants in electron-nucleus collisions at high energy is a nonextensive process.