Electromagnetic Modeling and Capacity Analysis of Rydberg Atom-Based MIMO System

TL;DR

This paper models and analyzes the capacity of Rydberg atom-based MIMO systems, highlighting their advantages over classical antennas in specific scenarios by leveraging quantum properties for electromagnetic analysis.

Contribution

It introduces a novel electromagnetic modeling approach for Rydberg atom-based MIMO systems using quantum-derived antenna properties.

Findings

Rydberg antennas exhibit high sensitivity and broad frequency range.

They outperform classical dipole arrays in single-polarization MIMO.

The analysis covers both far-field and near-field scenarios.

Abstract

Rydberg atom-based antennas exploit the quantum properties of highly excited Rydberg atoms, providing unique advantages over classical antennas, such as high sensitivity, broad frequency range, and compact size. Despite the increasing interests in their applications in antenna and communication engineering, two key properties, involving the lack of polarization multiplexing and isotropic reception without mutual coupling, remain unexplored in the analysis of Rydberg atom-based spatial multiplexing, i.e., multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO), communications. Generally, the design considerations for any antenna, even for atomic ones, can be extracted to factors such as radiation patterns, efficiency, and polarization, allowing them to be seamlessly integrated into existing system models. In this letter, we extract the antenna properties from relevant quantum characteristics, enabling electromagnetic modeling and capacity analysis of Rydberg MIMO systems in both far-field and near-field scenarios. By employing ray-based method for far-field analysis and dyadic Green's function for near-field calculation, our results indicate that Rydberg atom-based antenna arrays offer specific advantages over classical dipole-type arrays in single-polarization MIMO communications.