One-Sided Device-Independent Random Number Generation Through Fiber Channels

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a practical method for generating certified quantum random numbers over a 2 km fiber channel using one-sided device-independent quantum steering, enhancing security and feasibility in quantum networks.

Contribution

It presents the first implementation of steering-based quantum random number generation in a fiber channel, relaxing device trust assumptions and achieving high-speed randomness extraction.

Findings

Quantum steering can be distributed over 2 km fiber channels.

Quantum random numbers are generated at 7.06 Mbits/s.

The method certifies randomness without trusting the remote device.

Abstract

Randomness is an essential resource and plays important roles in various applications ranging from cryptography to simulation of complex systems. Certified randomness from quantum process is ensured to have the element of privacy but usually relies on the device's behavior. To certify randomness without the characterization for device, it is crucial to realize the one-sided device-independent random number generation based on quantum steering, which guarantees security of randomness and relaxes the demands of one party's device. Here, we distribute quantum steering between two distant users through a 2 km fiber channel and generate quantum random numbers at the remote station with untrustworthy device. We certify the steering-based randomness by reconstructing covariance matrix of the Gaussian entangled state shared between distant parties. Then, the quantum random numbers with a generation rate of 7.06 Mbits/s are extracted from the measured amplitude quadrature fluctuation of the state owned by the remote party. Our results demonstrate the first realization of steering-based random numbers extraction in a practical fiber channel, which paves the way to the quantum random numbers generation in asymmetric networks.