Quantum hyperspins: Highly nonclassical collective behavior in quantum optical parametric oscillators

TL;DR

This paper introduces quantum hyperspins, a highly non-classical collective state in quantum optical parametric oscillators, characterized by robust high-dimensional entanglement useful for quantum simulations and computing.

Contribution

It presents the concept of quantum hyperspins as a new form of collective quantum behavior, modeled as spherical shells in phase space, and explores their properties through ab initio simulations.

Findings

Quantum hyperspins form high-dimensional entangled states.

These states are robust against environmental coupling.

Networks of quantum hyperspins can be used for quantum simulation.

Abstract

We report on the emergence of a highly non-classical collective behavior in quantum parametric oscillators, which we name quantum hyperspin, induced by a tailored nonlinear interaction. This is the second quantized version of classical multidimensional spherical spins, as XY spins in two dimensions, and Heisenberg spins in three dimensions. In the phase space, the quantum hyperspins are represented as spherical shells whose radius scales with the number of particles in a way such that it cannot be factorized even in the limit of large particle number. We show that the nonlinearly coupled quantum oscillators form a high-dimensional entangled state that is surprisingly robust with respect to the coupling with the environment. Such a behavior results from a properly engineered reservoir. Networks of entangled quantum hyperspins are a new approach to quantum simulations for applications in computing, Ising machines, and high-energy physics models. We analyze from first principles through ab initio numerical simulations the properties of quantum hyperspins, including the interplay of entanglement and coupling frustration.