Photon acceleration of high-intensity vector vortex beams into the extreme ultraviolet

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a method to generate high-intensity, tunable-wavelength XUV vector vortex pulses from optical pulses using photon acceleration in plasma waves, enabling advanced applications in ultrafast science.

Contribution

The study introduces a novel photon acceleration technique to produce high-quality, high-intensity XUV vector vortex pulses with preserved polarization structure.

Findings

XUV pulses with 36-nm wavelength and >10^{20} W/cm^2 intensity generated

XUV pulses have sub-femtosecond durations and flat phase fronts

Method extends XUV source capabilities for ultrafast and strong-field applications

Abstract

Extreme ultraviolet (XUV) light sources allow for the probing of bound electron dynamics on attosecond scales, interrogation of high-energy-density matter, and access to novel regimes of strong-field quantum electrodynamics. Despite the importance of these applications, coherent XUV sources remain relatively rare, and those that do exist are limited in their peak intensity and spatio-polarization structure. Here, we demonstrate that photon acceleration of an optical vector vortex pulse in the moving density gradient of an electron beam-driven plasma wave can produce a high-intensity, tunable-wavelength XUV pulse with the same vector vortex structure as the original pulse. Quasi-3D, boosted-frame particle-in-cell simulations show the transition of optical vector vortex pulses with 800-nm wavelengths and intensities below $10^{18}$ W/cm$^2$ to XUV vector vortex pulses with 36-nm wavelengths and intensities exceeding $10^{20}$ W/cm$^2$ over a distance of 1.2 cm. The XUV pulses have sub-femtosecond durations and nearly flat phase fronts. The production of such high-quality, high-intensity XUV vector vortex pulses could expand the utility of XUV light as a diagnostic and driver of novel light-matter interactions.