Constraining low scale dark hypercharge symmetry at spallation, reactor and Dark Matter direct detection experiments

TL;DR

This paper uses neutrino scattering and dark matter detection data to constrain models of dark hypercharge symmetry with light mediators, revealing distinct experimental signatures and setting new bounds on these theories.

Contribution

It provides the first comprehensive constraints on dark hypercharge models using multiple experimental datasets, including recent and future experiments.

Findings

New bounds on dark hypercharge models from COHERENT, XENONnT, LUX-ZEPLIN, and PandaX-4T data.

Identification of distinct phenomenological signatures for different anomaly cancellation solutions.

Discussion of future constraints with the DARWIN experiment.

Abstract

Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus (CE$\nu$NS) and elastic neutrino-electron scattering (E$\nu$ES) data are exploited to constrain ``chiral'' $U(1)_{X}$ gauged models with light vector mediator mass. These models fall under a distinct class of new symmetries called dark hypercharge symmetries. A key feature is the fact that the $Z'$ boson can couple to all Standard Model fermions at tree level, with the $U(1)_X$ charges determined by the requirement of anomaly cancellation. Notably, the charges of leptons and quarks can differ significantly depending on the specific anomaly cancellation solution. As a result, different models exhibit distinct phenomenological signatures and can be constrained through various experiments. In this work, we analyze the recent data from the COHERENT experiment, along with results from dark matter (DM) direct detection experiments such as XENONnT, LUX-ZEPLIN, and PandaX-4T, and place new constraints on three benchmark models. Additionally, we set constraints from a performed analysis of TEXONO data and discuss the prospects of improvement in view of the next-generation DM direct detection DARWIN experiment.