Future directions in cosmology

TL;DR

This paper reviews upcoming cosmological experiments and their potential to address fundamental questions about dark matter, dark energy, and neutrino masses, highlighting recent results and future prospects.

Contribution

It provides an overview of future projects in cosmology and discusses their expected scientific impact, especially in relation to current data and anomalies.

Findings

DESI year-1 BAO constraints inform dark energy models

Emerging deviations from Lambda-CDM suggest new physics

Upcoming experiments will significantly enhance understanding of fundamental cosmology

Abstract

Cosmology is entering a very exciting time in its history, when a wealth of cutting-edge experiments are all starting to collect data, or about to. These experiments aim at addressing some of the most intriguing questions in fundamental physics, such as what is the nature of dark matter, is dark energy a cosmological constant or a varying field, what are the masses of the neutrinos, and more. While Lambda-CDM has emerged as a simple model that is consistent with most of the current data sets, we are starting to see some interesting deviations that deserve further exploration. This contribution provides an overview of upcoming projects and the science opportunities they will allow. In particular, we recall and comment the DESI year-1 BAO constraints and their implications for dark energy. We put some of the most recent results and outstanding questions in the perspective of the forthcoming observational program.