Differentially Private Integrated Decision Gradients (IDG-DP) for Radar-based Human Activity Recognition

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel Differential Privacy method using Integrated Decision Gradients for radar-based Human Activity Recognition, effectively protecting user privacy against inference attacks while maintaining high recognition accuracy.

Contribution

It proposes a new privacy-preserving approach combining IDG and DP for radar-based HAR systems, addressing privacy vulnerabilities and enhancing robustness against membership inference attacks.

Findings

IDG-DP significantly reduces privacy attack success rates.

The method maintains high activity recognition accuracy.

Effective against label-only and shadow model MIA attacks.

Abstract

Human motion analysis offers significant potential for healthcare monitoring and early detection of diseases. The advent of radar-based sensing systems has captured the spotlight for they are able to operate without physical contact and they can integrate with pre-existing Wi-Fi networks. They are also seen as less privacy-invasive compared to camera-based systems. However, recent research has shown high accuracy in recognizing subjects or gender from radar gait patterns, raising privacy concerns. This study addresses these issues by investigating privacy vulnerabilities in radar-based Human Activity Recognition (HAR) systems and proposing a novel method for privacy preservation using Differential Privacy (DP) driven by attributions derived with Integrated Decision Gradient (IDG) algorithm. We investigate Black-box Membership Inference Attack (MIA) Models in HAR settings across various levels of attacker-accessible information. We extensively evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed IDG-DP method by designing a CNN-based HAR model and rigorously assessing its resilience against MIAs. Experimental results demonstrate the potential of IDG-DP in mitigating privacy attacks while maintaining utility across all settings, particularly excelling against label-only and shadow model black-box MIA attacks. This work represents a crucial step towards balancing the need for effective radar-based HAR with robust privacy protection in healthcare environments.