Bayesian Approaches for Revealing Complex Neural Network Dynamics in Parkinson's Disease

TL;DR

This paper integrates Bayesian inference, stochastic modeling, and connectomic data to analyze neural network dynamics in Parkinson's disease, revealing how stochastic disturbances influence brain activity and suggesting potential therapeutic targets.

Contribution

It introduces a novel hybrid stochastic-Bayesian model to study PD-related brain network changes using connectomic data, advancing understanding of disease mechanisms and treatment strategies.

Findings

Stochastic noise increases thalamus activity in PD models.

Bayesian analysis quantifies uncertainty, guiding potential interventions.

Reducing stochastic disturbances may improve brain health in PD.

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) belongs to the class of neurodegenerative disorders that affect the central nervous system. It is usually defined as the gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, which causes both motor and non-motor symptoms. Understanding the neuronal processes that underlie PD is critical for creating successful therapies. This study combines machine learning (ML), stochastic modelling, and Bayesian inference with connectomic data to analyze the brain networks involved in PD. We use modern computational methods to study large-scale neural networks to identify neuronal activity patterns related to PD development. We aim to define the subtle structural and functional connection changes in PD brains by combining connectomic with stochastic noises. Stochastic modelling approaches reflect brain dynamics' intrinsic variability and unpredictability, shedding light on the origin and spread of pathogenic events in PD. We employ a novel hybrid model to assess how stochastic noise impacts the cortex-basal ganglia-thalamus (CBGTH) network, using data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP). Bayesian inference allows us to quantify uncertainty in model parameters, improving the accuracy of our predictions. Our findings reveal that stochastic disturbances increase thalamus activity, even under deep brain stimulation (DBS). Bayesian analysis suggests that reducing these disturbances could enhance healthy brain states, providing insights for potential therapeutic interventions. This approach offers a deeper understanding of PD dynamics and paves the way for personalized treatment strategies. This is an extended version of our work presented at the ICCS-2024 conference.