Design and control of three-dimensional topological magnetic fields using interwoven helical nanostructures

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the creation and control of reconfigurable three-dimensional topological magnetic field textures using interwoven nanostructures, advancing nanoscale magnetic field design for various scientific and technological applications.

Contribution

It introduces a novel method to generate and manipulate complex 3D topological magnetic fields with reconfigurable properties using a single nanostructure and magnetic field protocols.

Findings

Reconfigurable 3D magnetic field textures were achieved.

Distinct domain walls lead to unique topologies like anti-vortex and skyrmion fields.

The work advances nanoscale control of topological magnetic fields.

Abstract

Three-dimensional magnetic nanostructures are an emerging platform capable of creating complex topological magnetic fields. The control of localized nanoscale magnetic fields is seen to be of importance for diverse areas from bio-applications such as drug delivery, nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging, as well as condensed matter physics such as particle trapping, and controlling Majorana fermions for quantum computing. Three-dimensional geometric curvature, confinement and proximity can create tailormade spin textures not possible in two-dimensions. The control of magnetization afforded here can allow the formation of unique and reconfigurable stray field patterns and topologies. Here, we report the creation of reconfigurable 3D topological magnetic field textures induced by a single interwoven 3D nanostructure and an applied field protocol. These field textures emerge due to distinct types of domain walls formed in this structure and lead to the creation of an anti-vortex field, a hexapole cusp and a 3D skyrmion field tube of mixed chirality. Our results therefore show a key step towards the design and control of topological magnetic fields on the nanoscale.