Magnetic levitation in the field of a rotating dipole

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that a stable magnetic levitation can be achieved using a rotating dipole magnet, with the levitating magnet remaining centered and synchronized through static dipolar interactions, validated by experiments.

Contribution

It introduces a novel stable levitation method using a tilted rotating dipole magnet, supported by a physical model and experimental validation.

Findings

Stable levitation occurs with a tilted rotating magnet.

The levitating magnet remains centered with negligible spin.

Experimental results confirm the theoretical model.

Abstract

It is well known that two permanent magnets of fixed orientation will either always repel or attract one another regardless of the distance between them. However, if one magnet is rotated at sufficient speed, a stable position at a given equilibrium distance can exist for a second free magnet. The equilibrium is produced by magnetic forces alone, which are strong enough to maintain a levitating state under gravity. We show that a stable levitation can be obtained when the rotating magnet is tilted from the rotation axis, with no offset in its position. In this regime, the levitating magnet remains centered and its spinning rate remains negligible, while its magnetic moment precesses in synchronization with the driving magnet. We provide a physical explanation of the levitation through a model relying on static dipolar interactions between the two magnets and present experimental results which validate the proposed theory.