Room temperature spin-layer locking of exciton-polariton nonlinearities

TL;DR

This study reveals how engineering layer spacing in WS2 monolayers influences spin-dependent interactions of exciton-polaritons at room temperature, enabling potential spin-optronic device applications.

Contribution

It demonstrates control over spin-anisotropic interactions in TMD polaritons by manipulating interlayer spacing, a novel approach in exciton-polariton physics.

Findings

Spin-anisotropic interactions are absent in monolayer WS2 microcavities at room temperature.

Layer-dependent polariton-phonon coupling explains the control of spin anisotropy.

A critical interlayer distance restores spin-anisotropic response in multilayer WS2 samples.

Abstract

Recent advancements in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have unveiled exceptional optical and electronic characteristics, opened up new opportunities, and provided a unique platform for exploring light-matter interactions under the strong coupling regime. The exploitation of exciton-polaritons, with their peculiar hybrid light-matter properties, for the development of spintronic customizable devices that enhance both the information capacity and functionality at ambient temperatures is often suggested as a promising route. However, although TMD polaritons have shown promising potential, the microscopic mechanisms leading to nonlinearities in TMD polaritons are complex and their spin-anisotropy, a crucial requirement for many proposed polaritonic devices, has been missing. Here, we demonstrate the absence of spin-anisotropic interaction in a monolayer WS2 microcavity (at room temperature) and show how spin-dependent interactions can be controlled and spin anisotropy recovered by engineering double WS2 layer structures with varied interlayer spacing. We attribute this phenomenon to a distinctive feature in exciton-polariton physics: layer-dependent polariton-phonon coupling. We use theoretical calculations of the phonon electrostatic potentials finding a drastically different coupling strength for single and double monolayer samples and discuss qualitatively how this explains the observed spin-anisotropic response. This is further consistent with experiments on multi WS2 layer samples and the identification of a critical separation distance, above which an effective single monolayer spin-anisotropic response is recovered, both in experiment and theory. Our work lays the groundwork for the development of spin-optronic polaritonic devices at room temperature.