Architecting mechanisms of damage in topological metamaterials

TL;DR

This paper develops a framework for designing damage mechanisms in topological Maxwell lattice metamaterials, enabling precise control over damage propagation, crack arrest, and stress localization through topology and geometry manipulation.

Contribution

It introduces a simple, precise framework for designing damage behavior in Maxwell lattice metamaterials based on topology and geometry-dependent parameters.

Findings

Framework guides damage control in Maxwell lattices

Demonstrates crack arrest and diversion mechanisms

Provides insights into stress localization and delocalization

Abstract

Architecting mechanisms of damage in metamaterials by leveraging lattice topology and geometry poses a vital yet complex challenge, essential for engineering desirable mechanical responses. Of these metamaterials, Maxwell lattices, which are on the verge of mechanical stability, offer significant potential for advanced functionality. By leveraging their robust topological features, they enable precise control of effective elastic properties, manipulation of stress localisation and delocalisation across specific domains, and targeted global damage that follows local fracture events. In this work, we identify topology and geometry-dependent parameters that establish a simple, yet precise, framework for designing the behaviour of non-idealised Maxwell lattices and their damage processes. We numerically explore the underlying phenomenology to demonstrate how this framework can guide or arrest damage in lattices, both with and without domain walls and additional boundary constraints. Our approach uncovers a robust way to manipulate the mechanisms of damage and the path they follow in metamaterials, with further insight into crack arrest, diversion, and shielding.