Asymptotic behaviors and dynamics of degenerate and mixed solitons for the coupled Hirota system with strong coherent coupling effects

TL;DR

This paper investigates the asymptotic behaviors, interactions, and robustness of degenerate and mixed solitons in a coupled Hirota system with strong coherent coupling, revealing new interaction mechanisms and parameter effects.

Contribution

It introduces new types of degenerate solitons, analyzes their interactions, and explores how higher-order perturbations influence their coherence and robustness.

Findings

Degenerate solitons exhibit time-dependent velocities.

Four interaction mechanisms between solitons are identified.

Robustness decreases as the perturbation parameter increases.

Abstract

In this work, we study the asymptotic behaviors and dynamics of degenerate and mixed solitons for the coupled Hirota system with strong coherent coupling effects in the isotropic nonlinear medium. Using the binary Darboux transformation, we derive the solutions to represent the degenerate solitons with two eigenvalues that are conjugate to each other. We obtain three types of degenerate solitons and provide their asymptotic expressions. Notably, these degenerate solitons exhibit time-dependent velocities, and the relative distance between the two asymptotic solitons increases logarithmically with the higher-order perturbation parameter $|\varepsilon|$ increasing. We also asymptotically reveal four interaction mechanisms between a degenerate soliton and a bell-shaped soliton: (1) elastic interaction with a position shift; (2) inelastic interaction for the degenerate soliton but elastic for the bell-shaped one; (3) elastic interaction for the degenerate soliton but inelastic for the bell-shaped one; and (4) the coherent interaction during a longer interaction region and elastic interaction based on specific parameter conditions. Besides, we analyze a special degenerate vector soliton that exhibits significant coherence effects, and numerically study the relationship between the robustness of such solitons and parameter $\varepsilon$. Our results indicate that $\varepsilon$ significantly affects the coherence of these solitons, and their robustness decreases when $|\varepsilon|$ increases.