Electron-hole pair production in graphene for two arbitrarily polarized electric fields with a time delay

TL;DR

This paper investigates electron-hole pair production in graphene under two arbitrarily polarized electric fields with a time delay, revealing unique interference patterns and structures distinct from electron-positron pair production in vacuum.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of EH pair production in graphene with complex field configurations, highlighting differences from vacuum EP pair production and providing theoretical insights for solid-state simulations.

Findings

Ring patterns in momentum distribution for linearly polarized fields with delay

Spiral structures in momentum distribution for circularly polarized fields

EH pair distributions are less sensitive to ellipticity than EP pairs

Abstract

The momentum distributions of electron-hole (EH) pair production in graphene for two arbitrarily polarized electric fields with a time delay are investigated employing a massless quantum kinetic equation and compared with the results obtained in electron-positron (EP) pair production from vacuum. For a single elliptically polarized electric field, the momentum distributions of created EH and EP pairs are similar in multiphoton absorption region. However, for two co-directional linearly polarized electric fields with a time delay and no field frequency, the momentum distribution of created EH pairs exhibits ring patterns, which is not present in EP pair production. For two circularly polarized fields with identical or opposite handedness, the momentum distributions of created EH pairs also show Ramsey interference and spiral structures, respectively. Different from EP pair production, the spiral structures are insensitive to the number of oscillation cycles in electric field pulses. For two elliptically polarized fields with same-sign or opposite-sign ellipticity, the momentum distributions of EH pairs are much more insensitive to ellipticity than those in EP pair production. These results provide further theoretical reference for simulating the EP pair production from vacuum in solid-state systems.