Experimental protocol for observing single quantum many-body scars with transmon qubits

TL;DR

This paper proposes experimental protocols to observe single quantum many-body scars in superconducting qubits, exploring their signatures beyond traditional revival phenomena and connecting theoretical models with practical implementation.

Contribution

It introduces protocols for detecting single quantum many-body scars in superconducting qubits using Trotterized sequences and alternative signatures, advancing experimental observation methods.

Findings

Verified existence of approximate scar states in effective Hamiltonian

Proposed detection methods through local deformations and noise response

Numerical simulations support feasibility of experimental protocols

Abstract

Quantum many-body scars are energy eigenstates which fail to reproduce thermal expectation values of local observables, in systems where the rest of the many-body spectrum fulfils eigenstate thermalization. Experimental observation of quantum many-body scars has so far been limited to models with multiple scar states evenly spaced in energy. It is thus an interesting question whether even single isolated scars, which theoretically embody the weakest possibile violation of eigenstate thermalization and may be thought to have no detectable impact in experiments, can leave a trace in measurable quantities. Moreover, single scars offer an interesting scenario for exploring the connection between quantum many-body scars and the original notion of scarring in quantum dynamical systems theory. Here we propose protocols to observe single scars in architectures of fixed-frequency, fixed-coupling superconducting qubits. We first adapt known models possessing the desired features into a form particularly suited for the experimental platform. We develop protocols for the implementation of these models, through trotterized sequences of two-qubit cross-resonance interactions, and verify the existence of the approximate scar state in the stroboscopic effective Hamiltonian. Since a single scar cannot be detected from coherent revivals in the dynamics, differently from towers of scar states, we propose and numerically investigate alternative and experimentally-accessible signatures. These include the dynamical response of the scar to local state deformations, to controlled noise, and to the resolution of the Lie-Suzuki-Trotter digitization.