Global solvability and unboundedness in a fully parabolic quasilinear chemotaxis model with indirect signal production

TL;DR

This paper investigates a chemotaxis model with indirect signal production, establishing conditions for global existence of solutions and identifying parameters leading to finite or infinite-time blowup.

Contribution

It provides new criteria for global solvability and blowup in a fully parabolic chemotaxis model with nonlinear diffusion and sensitivity functions.

Findings

Global solutions exist if eta<2/n for n2.

Finite-time blowup occurs if lpha+eta>4/n with large negative energy initial data.

Infinite-time blowup is possible when lpha+eta>4/n and eta<2/n for n4.

Abstract

This paper is concerned with a quasilinear chemotaxis model with indirect signal production, $u_t = \nabla\cdot(D(u)\nabla u - S(u)\nabla v)$, $v_t = \Delta v - v + w$ and $w_t = \Delta w - w + u$, posed on a bounded smooth domain $\Omega\subset\mathbb R^n$, subjected to homogenerous Neumann boundary conditions, where nonlinear diffusion $D$ and sensitivity $S$ generalize the prototype $D(s) = (s+1)^{-\alpha}$ and $S(s) = (s+1)^{\beta-1}s$. Ding and Wang [M.Ding and W.Wang, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser. B, 24 (2019), 4665-4684.] showed that the system possesses a globally bounded classical solution if $\alpha + \beta <\min\{1+2/n,4/n\}$. While for the J\"ager-Luckhaus variant of this model, namely the second equation replaced by $0=\Delta v - \int_\Omega w/|\Omega| + w$, Tao and Winkler [2023, preprint] announced that if $\alpha + \beta > 4/n$ and $\beta>2/n$ for $n\geq3$, with radial assumptions, the variant admits occurrence of finite-time blowup. We focus on the case $\beta<2/n$, and prove that $\beta < 2/n$ for $n\geq2$ is sufficient for global solvability of classical solutions; if $\alpha + \beta > 4/n$ for $n\geq4$, then radially symmetric initial data with large negative energy enforce blowup happening in finite or infinite time, both of which imply that the system allows infinite-time blowup if $\alpha + \beta > 4/n$ and $\beta < 2/n$ for $n\geq 4$.