Systematics of supernumerary nuclear rainbow in inelastic $^{16}$O+$^{12}$C scattering

TL;DR

This study systematically analyzes inelastic nuclear rainbow scattering in the $^{16}$O+$^{12}$C system across a wide energy range, revealing detailed evolution of Airy minima and clarifying the refractive patterns in inelastic scattering.

Contribution

It introduces a generalized nearside-farside decomposition combined with multichannel deflection function analysis to elucidate the origin and suppression of Airy minima in inelastic nuclear rainbow scattering.

Findings

Unambiguous determination of Airy minima evolution in inelastic scattering.

No significant shift in the first Airy minima positions between elastic and inelastic scattering.

Refractive patterns in inelastic scattering can be interpreted using $K$-subamplitudes and deflection functions.

Abstract

We perform a systematic study of inelastic nuclear rainbow scattering for the \oc system to the 2$^+$ (4.44 MeV) state of $^{12}$C at incident energies of 100--608 MeV with the coupled-channels method. The recently generalized nearside-farside decomposition for inelastic scattering was applied in combination with the multichannel deflection function analysis to elucidate the origin of the nuclear rainbow phenomenon and the suppression of the primary and supernumerary Airy minima in the inelastic scattering cross section. The systematic evolution of the Airy minima for the excited 2$^+$ (4.44 MeV) state of $^{12}$C was unambiguously determined. Our work suggests that there is no clear shift in the positions of the first Airy minima and a small shift at low energies for the second and third Airy minima between the inelastic and elastic scattering cross sections. Using the $K$-subamplitudes splitting technique combined with the generalized nearside-farside decomposition and deflection function, the distinct refractive pattern commonly suppressed in the inelastic heavy-ion scattering can be interpreted and provides new insights into the relationship between elastic and inelastic nuclear rainbow scattering.