Simplified Efficiency Calibration Methods for Scintillation Detectors Used in Nuclear Remediation

TL;DR

This paper presents new simplified methods for calibrating scintillation detectors, improving efficiency measurement accuracy, reducing operational costs, and supporting sustainable nuclear remediation efforts.

Contribution

Introduction of two novel simplified calibration methods for NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors validated with radioactive sources and applied in nuclear cleanup.

Findings

High accuracy in efficiency calibration demonstrated

Significant reduction in soil sampling costs achieved

Effective detector system calibration for contaminated site screening

Abstract

Our study introduces innovative methods to address waste reduction and enhance resource efficiency in nuclear cleanup processes. We focus on sustainable nuclear technology, aligning with goals for cleaner production and environmental protection. We developed two novel methods, termed "oversimplified" and "simplified," for easily determining the photopeak efficiency of NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors. These methods, along with a "general" solution method, were validated with calibrated radioactive sources such as 241Am, 57Co, 133Ba, 137Cs, and 60Co, and were used to commission a NaI(Tl) scintillation detector system at Chalk River Laboratories (CRL) for nuclear remediation. The system demonstrated high accuracy, making it suitable for screening unstable isotopes at contaminated sites. This screening tool significantly reduces the number of soil samples requiring detailed characterization, thereby lowering operational costs. The NaI(Tl) detector system was calibrated for near-contact geometry, which is commonly used at CRL. Detection limits were established for this configuration. By improving the efficiency calibration of scintillation detectors, our study advances sustainable nuclear remediation practices, promoting environmental sustainability and cleaner production processes.