Femtoscopy correlation functions and mass distributions from production experiments

TL;DR

This paper explores the relationship between femtoscopic correlation functions and invariant mass distributions, proposing an improved formalism for analyzing particle production and correlations in high-energy physics experiments.

Contribution

It introduces an alternative method connecting correlation functions directly with production mechanisms and derives an improved Lednicky-Lyuboshits approach with a Lorentz regulator.

Findings

Total equivalence for zero source-size

Differences increase with source size, significant at 1 fm

Improved LL approach with Lorentz regulator

Abstract

We discuss the relation between the Koonin-Pratt femtoscopic correlation function (CF) and invariant mass distributions from production experiments. We show that the equivalence is total for a zero source-size and that a Gaussian finite-size source provides a form-factor for the virtual production of the particles. Motivated by this remarkable relationship, we study an alternative method to the Koonin-Pratt formula, which connects the evaluation of the CF directly with the production mechanisms. The differences arise mostly from the $T$-matrix quadratic terms and increase with the source size. We study the case of the $D^0 D^{\ast +}$ and $D^+ D^{\ast 0}$ correlation functions of interest to unravel the dynamics of the exotic $T_ {cc}(3875)^+$, and find that these differences become quite sizable already for 1 fm sources. We nevertheless conclude that the lack of coherence in high-multiplicity-event reactions and in the creation of the fire-ball source that emits the hadrons certainly make much more realistic the formalism based on the Koonin-Pratt equation. We finally derive an improved Lednicky-Lyuboshits (LL) approach, which implements a Lorentz ultraviolet regulator that corrects the pathological behaviour of the LL CF in the punctual source-size limit.