NICER and Swift/XRT monitoring of the 2023 outburst of Swift J1727.7-1613

TL;DR

This study analyzes the 2023 outburst of Swift J1727.7-1613 using NICER and Swift/XRT data, revealing its evolution from hard to soft states and supporting the Lense-Thirring precession model for type-C QPOs in a low-mass black hole X-ray binary.

Contribution

It provides detailed spectral and timing analysis of the outburst, confirming the Lense-Thirring precession interpretation of QPOs and linking spectral parameters with QPO evolution.

Findings

Consistent evolution with a low-mass black hole X-ray binary.

Support for Lense-Thirring precession as the origin of type-C QPOs.

Correlation between inner disc radii and hot inner flow radii.

Abstract

The X-ray transient, Swift J1727.7-1613 was first detected on 24 August 2023 by Swift/BAT and INTEGRAL. We investigated data from the Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) and the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory taken between August and October 2023. We studied diagnostic diagrams, energy spectra, and short term variability. The observations cover the initial rise of the outburst in the hard state and the transition to the soft state. We focused on the evolution of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) using power-density spectra and on the evolution of the spectral parameters. The overall evolution of Swift J1727.7-1613 is consistent with this source being a low-mass black hole X-ray binary. Based on the Lense-Thirring precession interpretation of type-C QPOs we obtained outer radii for the hot inner flow and found that the overall evolution of these radii agrees well with the evolution of the inner disc radii obtained from fits to the energy spectra. This result holds on all times scales tested in this study and supports the Lense-Thirring precession interpretation of type-C QPOs.