On the Security of Bitstream-level JPEG Encryption with Restart Markers
Mare Hirose, Shoko Imaizumi, Hitoshi Kiya

TL;DR
This paper assesses the security of a JPEG encryption method that preserves file format and size by using restart markers, demonstrating its robustness against ciphertext-only attacks with proper parameter selection.
Contribution
It provides a comprehensive security evaluation of the JPEG encryption method against ciphertext-only attacks, extending beyond previous key space analysis.
Findings
The method maintains JPEG format and size after encryption.
It is robust against ciphertext-only attacks with proper parameters.
Comparison shows improved security over conventional methods.
Abstract
This paper aims to evaluate the security of a bitstream-level JPEG encryption method using restart (RST) markers, where encrypted image can keep the JPEG file format with the same file size as non-encrypted image. Data encrypted using this method can be decoded without altering header information by employing a standard JPEG decoder. Moreover, the use of RST markers enables the definition of extended blocks divided by the markers, so spatially partial encryption and block-permutation-based encryption can be carried out. However, the security of the method was evaluated only with respect to the key space analysis for brute-force attacks and other limited attacks. Accordingly, in this paper, we evaluated the security of the method with respect to robustness against ciphertext-only attacks including state-of-the-art attacks. In experiments, the method is compared with conventional…
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Taxonomy
TopicsChaos-based Image/Signal Encryption · Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques · Coding theory and cryptography
