Spin-dependent localization of spin-orbit and Rabi-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in a random potential

TL;DR

This paper explores how spin-orbit and Rabi couplings influence the localization of spin-1/2 Bose-Einstein condensates in a one-dimensional random potential, revealing various regimes and transitions driven by these couplings and interactions.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of spin-dependent localization regimes in spin-orbit and Rabi-coupled condensates within disordered potentials, highlighting new transition phenomena.

Findings

Spin-orbit coupling induces a transition from basin-like to void localized states.

Re-entrant transition between broad and narrow localized states with increasing SO coupling.

Interactions lead to spin-dependent localization beyond certain thresholds.

Abstract

We investigate the effect of the spin-orbit (SO) and Rabi couplings on the localization of the spin-1/2 condensate trapped in a one-dimensional random potential. Our studies reveal that the spin-dependent couplings create distinct localization regimes, resulting in various relations between localization and spin-related properties. First, we examine the localization in the linear condensate and find that the SO coupling can lead to a transition of the localized state from the "basin-like" to the "void" region of the potential. For a weak random potential upon an increase in the SO coupling, we find a re-entrant transition from a broad to narrow localized state and back at a higher SO coupling. Further, we analyze the competing role of inter-species and intra-species interactions on the localization of the condensate. We find the appearance of spin-dependent localization as the interactions increase beyond threshold values for a sufficiently strong disorder. Our findings on controlling spin-dependent localization may be useful for future ultracold atomic experiments and corresponding spin-related quantum technologies.