Quantum nature of gravity in a Bose-Einstein condensate

TL;DR

This paper investigates how graviton-induced noise causes decoherence and entanglement in a Bose-Einstein condensate, proposing an experimental approach using atom lasers to detect gravitons in ultra-cold experiments.

Contribution

It explicitly calculates graviton-induced decoherence and entanglement effects in a BEC, suggesting a novel experimental test for quantum gravity phenomena.

Findings

Decoherence occurs due to gravitational Bremsstrahlung from gravitons.

Two momentum states of BEC become entangled through graviton noise.

Proposes atom laser experiments to detect gravitons.

Abstract

The effect of noise induced by gravitons on a Bose-Einstein condensate has been explored in (Phys. Rev. D 110 (2024) 026014; https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.110.026014). In the previous paper, we investigated the effects of graviton while detecting a gravitational wave using a Bose-Einstein condensate. In this work we shall explicitly calculate the decoherence due to the noise of gravitons between two momentum states of the Bose-Einstein condensate. This decoherence happens due to Bremsstrahlung from the Bose-Einstein condensates due to the effect of the noise induced by gravitons. It is also observed that the two states become entangled because of the existence of a surrounding graviton field which degrades over time via means of this gravitational Bremsstrahlung. Using this property of the Bose-Einstein condensate in a quantum gravity background, we propose an experimental test via the use of atom lasers (generated from the condensate) which would, in principle, help to detect gravitons in future generations of very advanced ultra-cold temperature experiments.