Canonical Landau-Ginzburg models for cominuscule homogeneous spaces

TL;DR

This paper constructs a universal Landau-Ginzburg model for all cominuscule homogeneous spaces using combinatorial and Lie-theoretic methods, unifying and generalizing previous models.

Contribution

It introduces a type-independent LG model with explicit combinatorial formulas, connecting cluster structures, Plücker coordinates, and Lie theory for homogeneous spaces.

Findings

The superpotential is expressed as a sum of rational functions in Plücker coordinates.

The denominators coincide with generalized minors from cluster algebra structures.

The constructed LG models are isomorphic to Rietsch's Lie-theoretic models and generalize previous type-dependent models.

Abstract

We present a type-independent Landau-Ginzburg (LG) model $(X_\mathrm{can}, \mathcal{W}_\mathrm{can})$ for any cominuscule homogeneous space $X=G/P$. We give a fully combinatorial construction for our superpotential $\mathcal{W}_\mathrm{can}$ as a sum of $n+1$ rational functions in the (generalized) Pl\"ucker coordinates on the "Langlands dual" minuscule homogeneous space $\mathbb{X}=P^\vee\backslash G^\vee$. Explicitly, we define the denominators $\mathcal{D}_{i_*}$ of these rational functions using the combinatorics of order ideals of the corresponding minuscule poset, which can be interpreted as (generalized) Young diagrams, by a process that can be described by "moving boxes" and hence is easily implemented. To construct the corresponding numerators, we define derivations $\delta_{i_1}$ on $\mathbb{C}[\mathbb{X}]$ that act by "adding an appropriate box if possible" and then we apply each $\delta_{i_1}$ to the corresponding $\mathcal{D}_{i_*}$. By studying certain Weyl orbits in the fundamental representations of $\widetilde{G}^\vee$ and exploiting the existence of a certain dense algebraic torus in $\mathbb{X}$, we show that the polynomials $\mathcal{D}_{i_*}$ coincide with the generalized minors $\phi_{i_*}$ appearing in the cluster structures for homogeneous spaces studied by Gei\ss-Leclerc-Schr\"oer in arXiv:math/0609138. We then define the mirror variety $X_\mathrm{can}=\mathbb{X}\setminus D_\mathrm{ac}$ to be the complement of the anticanonical divisor $D_\mathrm{ac} = \sum_{i_*}\{\mathcal{D}_{i_*}=0\}$ formed by the $\mathcal{D}_{i_*}$. Moreover, we show that the LG models $(X_\mathrm{can},\mathcal{W}_\mathrm{can})$ are isomorphic to the Lie-theoretic LG-models $(X_\mathrm{Lie},\mathcal{W}_\mathrm{Lie})$ constructed by Rietsch in arXiv:math/0511124 and our models naturally generalize the type-dependent Pl\"ucker coordinate LG-models previously studied by various authors.