Device-independent quantum secret sharing with advanced random key generation basis

TL;DR

This paper introduces an advanced device-independent quantum secret sharing protocol that enhances noise tolerance, reduces resource consumption, and extends operational distance, making experimental realization more feasible.

Contribution

It proposes a novel DI QSS protocol combining random key generation with noise preprocessing and postselection, improving noise tolerance and efficiency.

Findings

Noise tolerance threshold increased from 7.147% to 9.231%.

Global detection efficiency threshold reduced from 96.32% to 93.41%.

Maximum distance between users extended to 1.43 km.

Abstract

Quantum secret sharing (QSS) enables a dealer to securely distribute keys to multiple players. Device-independent (DI) QSS can resist all possible attacks from practical imperfect devices and provide QSS the highest level of security in theory. However, DI QSS requires high-performance devices, especially for low-noise channels, which is a big challenge for its experimental demonstration. We propose a DI QSS protocol with the advanced random key generation basis strategy, which combines the random key generation basis with the noise preprocessing and postselection strategies. We develop the methods to simplify Eve's conditional entropy bound and numerically simulate the key generation rate in an acceptable time. Our DI QSS protocol has some advantages. First, it can increase the noise tolerance threshold from initial 7.147% to 9.231% (29.16% growth), and reduce the global detection efficiency threshold from 96.32% to 93.41%. The maximal distance between any two users increases to 1.43 km, which is about 5.5 times of the initial value. Second, by randomly selecting two basis combinations to generate the key, our DI QSS protocol can reduce the entanglement resource consumption. Our protocol has potential for DI QSS's experimental demonstration and application in the future.