Simplified projection on total spin zero for state preparation on quantum computers

TL;DR

This paper presents a simplified quantum algorithm for projecting many-body states onto total spin zero using only one-body operators, reducing circuit complexity for state preparation in quantum computing.

Contribution

The authors introduce a new method leveraging Cartan decomposition to perform spin projection with fewer gates, avoiding complex two-body operator Trotterization.

Findings

Reduces quantum circuit depth for spin projection.

Enables approximate ground state preparation for nuclei.

Provides resource estimates for implementation.

Abstract

We introduce a simple algorithm for projecting on $J=0$ states of a many-body system by performing a series of rotations to remove states with angular momentum projections greater than zero. Existing methods rely on unitary evolution with the two-body operator $J^2$, which when expressed in the computational basis contains many complicated Pauli strings requiring Trotterization and leading to very deep quantum circuits. Our approach performs the necessary projections using the one-body operators $J_x$ and $J_z$. By leveraging the method of Cartan decomposition, the unitary transformations that perform the projection can be parameterized as a product of a small number of two-qubit rotations, with angles determined by an efficient classical optimization. Given the reduced complexity in terms of gates, this approach can be used to prepare approximate ground states of even-even nuclei by projecting onto the $J=0$ component of deformed Hartree-Fock states. We estimate the resource requirements in terms of the universal gate set {$H$,$S$,CNOT,$T$} and briefly discuss a variant of the algorithm that projects onto $J=1/2$ states of a system with an odd number of fermions.