Dynamical generation and transfer of nonclassical states in strongly interacting light-matter systems in cavities

TL;DR

This paper explores how strong light-matter coupling in cavities can be used to generate and transfer nonclassical states between light and matter, revealing dynamics and conditions for optimal state transfer and nonclassicality.

Contribution

It demonstrates the dynamical generation and transfer of nonclassical states mediated by polaritons in strongly coupled light-matter systems, emphasizing the role of ultrastrong coupling.

Findings

Nonclassicality transfer from matter to photons under strong coupling.

Nonclassical photonic states emerge only in ultrastrong coupling due to counter-rotating terms.

Distinct asymmetries in observables appear in ultrastrong coupling regime.

Abstract

We propose leveraging strong and ultrastrong light-matter coupling to efficiently generate and exchange nonclassical light and quantum matter states. Two initial conditions are considered: (a) a displaced quadrature-squeezed matter state, and (b) a coherent state in a cavity. In both scenarios, polaritons mediate the dynamical generation and transfer of nonclassical states between light and matter. By monitoring the dynamics of both subsystems, we uncover the emergence of beatings in the collective matter oscillations. The beating period depends on the particle density through the vacuum Rabi splitting and peaks sharply under light-matter resonance conditions. For initial condition (a), nonclassicality is efficiently transferred from matter to photons under strong and ultrastrong coupling. However, for initial condition (b), nonclassical photonic states are generated only in the ultrastrong coupling regime due to the counter-rotating terms, highlighting the advantages of ultrastrong coupling. Furthermore, in the ultrastrong coupling regime, distinctive asymmetries relative to cavity detuning emerge in dynamical observables of both light and matter. The nonclassical photons can be extracted through a semi-transparent cavity mirror, while nonclassical matter states can be detected via time-resolved spectroscopy. This work highlights that hybrid polariton states can be utilized for dynamically generating nonclassical states, with potential applications in quantum state transfer.