Finite-dimensional reductions and finite-gap type solutions of multicomponent integrable PDEs

TL;DR

This paper introduces a methodology to construct solutions for multicomponent integrable PDEs by reducing them to dispersionless systems, linking solutions to finite-dimensional integrable systems, and generating multi-component soliton-like solutions.

Contribution

It presents a novel reduction approach connecting multicomponent PDEs to finite-dimensional integrable systems, enabling explicit solution construction.

Findings

Constructed solutions include multi-component soliton and cnoidal solutions.

Established a link between infinite-dimensional PDE solutions and finite-dimensional integrable systems.

Provided a systematic method for solving a broad class of multicomponent integrable PDEs.

Abstract

The main object of the paper is a recently discovered family of multicomponent integrable systems of partial differential equations, whose particular cases include many well-known equations such as the Korteweg--de Vries, coupled KdV, Harry Dym, coupled Harry Dym, Camassa--Holm, multicomponent Camassa--Holm, Dullin--Gottwald--Holm, and Kaup--Boussinesq equations. We suggest a methodology for constructing a series of solutions for all systems in the family. The crux of the approach lies in reducing this system to a dispersionless integrable system which is a special case of linearly degenerate quasilinear systems actively explored since the 1990s and recently studied in the framework of Nijenhuis geometry. These infinite-dimensional integrable systems are closely connected to certain explicit finite-dimensional integrable systems. We provide a link between solutions of our multicomponent PDE systems and solutions of this finite-dimensional system, and use it to construct animations of multi-component analogous of soliton and cnoidal solutions.