Unlocking the Inelastic Dark Matter Window with Vector Mediators

TL;DR

This paper explores inelastic dark matter models with general vector mediators, revealing new viable parameter spaces and providing computational tools to analyze relic densities, thereby expanding the experimental search landscape.

Contribution

It introduces the study of inelastic dark matter with general vector mediators, including models with baryon and lepton number couplings, and offers a Python library for relic density calculations.

Findings

New viable parameter regions for inelastic dark matter models.

Anomaly-free gauge groups with non-universal lepton couplings open unexplored parameter space.

Provision of a Python library for relic density computation.

Abstract

Despite the robust cosmological and astrophysical evidence confirming the existence of a non-baryonic matter component in the Universe, the underlying nature of Dark Matter (DM) remains a mystery. Among the several possible scenarios, light DM candidates thermally produced in the early Universe are especially interesting, since their abundance could be set via the standard freeze-out mechanism. Additionally, new light states can present a rich phenomenology and are attracting increasing attention due to recent experimental capabilities to probe dark sectors with feeble interactions. In particular, inelastic DM (iDM) candidates are an appealing option, since they can avoid cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation bounds as well as indirect and direct detection searches. Although such models have been intensively studied in the literature, the usual scenario is to consider a secluded dark photon mediator. In this work, we consider the case of iDM with general vector mediators and explore the consequences of such a choice in the relic density computation, as well as for the cosmological and experimental bounds. We examine models with couplings to baryon and lepton number and show new viable parameter regions for inelastic dark matter models. Especially, anomaly-free gauge groups with non-universal couplings to leptons open new windows of the parameter space for thermal dark matter yet unexplored by experiments. We also provide a numerical Python library to compute the relic densities for user-defined gauge charges.