Representation of Classical Data on Quantum Computers

TL;DR

This paper reviews various methods for encoding different types of classical data, such as images and graphs, onto gate-based quantum computers, highlighting the importance of data representation for quantum algorithms.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of existing data encoding techniques for classical data on quantum computers, facilitating future research and application development.

Findings

Multiple data encoding methods are summarized.

Different data types require specialized quantum representations.

Effective data encoding is crucial for quantum algorithm performance.

Abstract

Quantum computing is currently gaining significant attention, not only from the academic community but also from industry, due to its potential applications across several fields for addressing complex problems. For any practical problem which may be tackled using quantum computing, it is imperative to represent the data used onto a quantum computing system. Depending on the application, many different types of data and data structures occur, including regular numbers, higher-dimensional data structures, e.g., n-dimensional images, up to graphs. This report aims to provide an overview of existing methods for representing these data types on gate-based quantum computers.