Shared entanglement for three-party causal order guessing game

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates how shared entanglement among three parties enhances their ability to correctly identify the order of operations in a quantum communication game, outperforming classical strategies.

Contribution

It introduces a new three-party causal order guessing game and shows quantum entanglement provides a significant advantage in solving it.

Findings

Quantum strategies outperform classical ones in order discrimination.

Shared entanglement increases success probability.

Quantum resources improve task performance.

Abstract

In a variant of communication tasks, players cooperate in choosing their local strategies to compute a given task later, working separately. Utilizing quantum bits for communication and sharing entanglement between parties is a recognized method to enhance performance in these situations. In this work, we introduce the game for which three parties, Alice, Bob and Charlie, would like to discover the hidden order in which they make the moves. We show the advantage of quantum strategies that use shared entanglement and local operations over classical setups for discriminating operations' composition order. The role of quantum resources improving the probability of successful discrimination is also investigated.