Quadratic frequency dispersion in the oscillations of intermediate-mass stars

TL;DR

This paper uses machine learning to analyze $$ Scuti star pulsations, revealing quadratic frequency resonances likely influenced by rotation, advancing understanding of stellar oscillation patterns.

Contribution

It introduces a novel application of machine learning to identify quadratic frequency resonances in $$ Scuti stars, highlighting rotational effects on pulsation modes.

Findings

Discovery of quadratic frequency spacing patterns

Indication of rotational influence on mode frequencies

Enhanced understanding of stellar pulsation mechanisms

Abstract

Asteroseismology, the study of stellar vibration, has met with great success, shedding light on stellar interior structure, rotation, and magnetism. Prominently known as $\delta$ Scutis, intermediate-mass main-sequence oscillators that often exhibit rapid rotation and possess complex internal stratification, are important targets of asteroseismic study. $\delta$ Scuti pulsations are driven by the $\kappa$ (opacity) mechanism, resulting in a set of acoustic modes that can be challenging to interpret. Here, we apply machine learning to identify new patterns in the pulsation frequencies of $\delta$ Scuti stars, discovering resonances spaced according to quadratic functions of integer mode indices. This unusual connection between mode frequencies and indices suggests that rotational influence may play an important role in determining the frequencies of these acoustic oscillations.