A Generalized Framework for Assessing Equity in Ground Transportation Infrastructure: An Exploratory Study

TL;DR

This paper introduces a comprehensive framework and a novel equity index to evaluate transportation equity, demonstrated through a case study on EV charger distribution in Baltimore, aiding policymakers in creating more equitable ground transportation systems.

Contribution

It presents a generalized framework and a new equity index for assessing transportation equity, with practical application to real-world infrastructure planning and policy analysis.

Findings

Framework effectively analyzes transportation equity impacts.

Equity index considers accessibility and affordability.

Case study demonstrates practical application in Baltimore.

Abstract

Ground transportation infrastructure significantly impacts community connectivity, economic growth, and access to essential services such as jobs, education, and healthcare. However, in practice, these infrastructures do not provide equitable services for all, and historical disparities have led to inequitable conditions for many individuals. This paper explores diverse definitions of equity relevant to ground infrastructures, examines the consequences of inequitable transportation systems throughout the history of the U.S. highway system, and explores various approaches for conducting equity analysis. Based on the collected information, a generalized framework is introduced to analyze the impact of these infrastructures on transportation equity. The study also provides a novel equity index that can be used to assess equity considering accessibility and affordability. Finally, the framework is applied to a case study in Baltimore City, Maryland, examining the equitable distribution of electric vehicle (EV) chargers. By demonstrating its practical application, the paper offers managers and policymakers a concise step-by-step approach to analyze transportation equity. This method assesses both the socioeconomic features of affected populations and the distribution of services, contributing to the development of a more sustainable ground transport system.