Baryogenesis Induced by Magnetic Field Effects During the Electroweak Phase Transition

TL;DR

This paper explores how hypermagnetic fields during the electroweak phase transition can generate the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry, using numerical lattice simulations to establish the relationship between magnetic fields and baryon asymmetry.

Contribution

It presents a novel numerical analysis of baryogenesis driven by magnetic field effects during the electroweak phase transition, linking cosmic magnetic fields to matter-antimatter asymmetry.

Findings

Baryon asymmetry can be generated by hypermagnetic fields during the electroweak transition.

The required magnetic field strength today is estimated to be between 10^{-17} and 10^{-14} Gauss.

A relationship between magnetic field helicity and baryon asymmetry is established.

Abstract

We numerically investigate the first-order electroweak phase transition in the background of a hypermagnetic field with three-dimensional lattice simulation. The generation of baryon asymmetry is observed, and we present the relationship between baryon number asymmetry and magnetic field strength and its helicity. We find the magnetic field strength required to achieve the correct matter-antimatter asymmetry is about $10^{-17}\sim10^{-14}$ Gauss at present, depending on the correlation length of the helical magnetic field. This study provides a mechanism for explaining the baryon number asymmetry with cosmic magnetic fields.