Spectroscopy and Crystal-Field Analysis of Low -Symmetry Er$^{3+}$ Centres in K$_2$YF$_5$ Microparticles

TL;DR

This study combines high-resolution spectroscopy and crystal-field modeling to characterize the electronic energy levels and magnetic properties of Er$^{3+}$ ions in low-symmetry K$_2$YF$_5$ microparticles, revealing detailed electronic structure.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive crystal-field analysis of Er$^{3+}$ in K$_2$YF$_5$, including energy levels and g-tensor fitting, addressing challenges of low-symmetry systems.

Findings

39 crystal-field energy levels assigned

Model fitted to energy levels and g-tensor

Clarified the electronic structure of Er$^{3+}$ in K$_2$YF$_5$

Abstract

K$_2$YF$_5$ crystals doped with lanthanide ions have a variety of possible optical applications. Owing to the low symmetry of the system, the crystal structure cannot be unambiguously determined by x-ray diffraction. However, electron-paramagnetic resonance studies have demonstrated that lanthanide ions substitute for yttrium in sites of C$_{\rm s}$ local symmetry. In this work, we use high-resolution absorption and laser spectroscopy to determine electronic energy levels for Er$^{3+}$ ions in K$_2$YF$_5$ microparticles. A total of 39 crystal-field energy levels, distributed among 7 multiplets of the Er$^{3+}$ ion, have been assigned. This optical data is used for crystal-field modelling of the electronic structure of Er$^{3+}$ in K$_2$YF$_5$. Our model is fitted not only to the electronic energy levels, but also to the ground-state g-tensor. This magnetic-splitting data defines the axis system of the calculation, avoiding ambiguities associated with low-symmetry crystal-field fits.