Symmetry-breaking bifurcations of pure-quartic solitons in dual-core couplers

TL;DR

This paper studies how symmetry-breaking bifurcations occur in pure-quartic solitons within dual-core waveguides, identifying different soliton types, their stability, and the nature of their bifurcations through analysis and simulations.

Contribution

It introduces the analysis of symmetry- and antisymmetry-breaking bifurcations of pure-quartic solitons in dual-core waveguides with Kerr nonlinearity.

Findings

Identification of symmetric, antisymmetric, and asymmetric pure-quartic solitons.

Determination of stability domains for these solitons.

Confirmation of supercritical bifurcation types through simulations.

Abstract

We investigate spontaneous symmetry- and antisymmetry-breaking bifurcations of solitons in a nonlinear dual-core waveguide with the pure-quartic dispersion and Kerr nonlinearity. Symmetric, antisymmetric, and asymmetric pure-quartic solitons (PQSs) are found, and their stability domains are identified. The bifurcations for both the symmetric and antisymmetric PQSs are of the supercritical type (alias phase transitions of the second kind). Direct simulations of the perturbed evolution of PQSs corroborate their stability boundaries predicted by the analysis of small perturbations.