The vertex-pancyclicity of the simplified shuffle-cube and the vertex-bipancyclicity of the balanced shuffle-cube

TL;DR

This paper proves that the simplified shuffle-cube is vertex-pancyclic for dimensions at least 6, and the balanced shuffle-cube is vertex-bipancyclic for dimensions at least 2, enhancing understanding of their cycle structures.

Contribution

It establishes the vertex-pancyclicity and vertex-bipancyclicity properties of these two variants of shuffle-cubes, which are improvements over the original in terms of vertex-transitivity.

Findings

Simplified shuffle-cube is vertex-pancyclic for n≥6.

Balanced shuffle-cube is vertex-bipancyclic for n≥2.

These properties improve understanding of their cycle structures.

Abstract

A graph $G$ $=$ $(V,E)$ is vertex-pancyclic if for every vertex $u$ and any integer $l$ ranging from $3$ to $|V|$, $G$ contains a cycle $C$ of length $l$ such that $u$ is on $C$. A bipartite graph $G$ $=$ $(V,E)$ is vertex-bipancyclic if for every vertex $u$ and any even integer $l$ ranging from $4$ to $|V|$, $G$ contains a cycle $C$ of length $l$ such that $u$ is on $C$. The simplified shuffle-cube and the balanced shuffle-cube, which are two variants of the shuffle-cube and are superior to shuffle-cube in terms of vertex-transitivity. In this paper, we show that the $n$-dimensional simplified shuffle-cube is vertex-pancyclic for $n\geqslant 6$, and the $n$-dimensional balanced shuffle-cube is vertex-bipancyclic for $n\geqslant 2$.