Cyber-Physical Authentication Scheme for Secure V2G Transactions

TL;DR

This paper introduces a secure cyber-physical authentication protocol and smart contract framework for blockchain-based V2G systems, enhancing security, privacy, and transparency in EV charging transactions.

Contribution

It presents a novel cyber-physical authentication method combined with a blockchain smart contract for secure V2G energy trading, addressing key security vulnerabilities.

Findings

Mitigates man-in-the-middle and replay attacks

Ensures user anonymity and data integrity

Provides a secure, transparent energy trading framework

Abstract

The rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) globally has catalyzed the need for robust cybersecurity measures within vehicle-to-grid (V2G) networks. As these networks are increasingly being integrated into smart charging infrastructures, they also introduce new vulnerabilities that threaten grid stability and user privacy This paper proposes a cyber-physical authentication protocol and trading smart contract tailored to plug and charge (PnC) operations within blockchain-based V2G systems. The protocol leverages advanced cryptographic techniques and blockchain to ensure secure, transparent, and tamper-proof energy transactions between EVs and charging stations. Key contributions include the development of a cyber-physical authentication method, the implementation of a smart contract framework for secure energy trading, and a detailed security and privacy analysis. The proposed protocol effectively mitigates risks such as man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks and replay attacks while preserving user anonymity and data integrity.