Fermion and Boson Pairs in Beamsplitters and MZIs

TL;DR

This paper reviews the behavior of multiple fermions and bosons in beamsplitters and Mach-Zehnder interferometers, providing a bridge from quantum field theory to intuitive phenomenological understanding.

Contribution

It offers a formal analysis of multi-particle quantum behavior in optical devices, enhancing conceptual clarity for researchers and students.

Findings

Analysis of fermion and boson behavior at beamsplitters

Extension to multi-particle dynamics in MZIs

Clarification of quantum particle interactions in optical setups

Abstract

In this short Topical Review, we look at something typically considered trivial, but not given formally elsewhere -- the behaviour of first multiple fermions, then multiple bosons, at a beamsplitter. Extending from this, we then describe the behaviour of multiple fermions and multiple bosons in Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs). We hope that by showing how to go from mathematically-simple but unintuitive quantum field theory to a phenomenological description, this Review will help both researchers and students build a stronger intuition for the behaviour of quantum particles.