The SST-1M imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope for gamma-ray astrophysics

TL;DR

The SST-1M is a lightweight, cost-effective gamma-ray telescope with a silicon photomultiplier camera, designed for high-energy astrophysics and integrated into an array for improved detection capabilities.

Contribution

This paper introduces the design, prototyping, and validation of the SST-1M telescope, including its innovative SiPM-based camera and suitability for mountain environment deployment.

Findings

Operational stereo system collecting gamma-ray data

Preliminary results show promising detection performance

Design successfully withstands harsh atmospheric conditions

Abstract

The SST-1M is a Small-Sized Telescope (SST) designed to provide a cost-effective and high-performance solution for gamma-ray astrophysics, particularly for energies beyond a few TeV. The goal is to integrate this telescope into an array of similar instruments, leveraging its lightweight design, earthquake resistance, and established Davies-Cotton configuration. Additionally, its optical system is designed to function without a protective dome, allowing it to withstand the harsh atmospheric conditions typical of mountain environments above 2000 m. The SST-1M utilizes a fully digitizing camera system based on silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). This camera is capable of digitizing all signals from the UV-optical light detectors, allowing for the implementation of various triggers and data analysis methods. We detail the process of designing, prototyping, and validating this system, ensuring that it meets the stringent requirements for gamma-ray detection and performance. An SST-1M stereo system is currently operational and collecting data at the Ond\v{r}ejov observatory in the Czech Republic, situated at 500 m. Preliminary results from this system are promising. A forthcoming paper will provide a comprehensive analysis of the performance of the telescopes in detecting gamma rays and operating under real-world conditions.