Spin-hydrodynamics of electrons in graphene and magnetization due to thermal vorticity

TL;DR

This paper develops a relativistic spin-hydrodynamic model for electrons in graphene, revealing how thermal vorticity induces magnetization, including a new thermovortical magnetization effect observable experimentally.

Contribution

It introduces a spin-hydrodynamic framework for 2+1D fermions in graphene and identifies thermal vorticity as a solution, predicting a novel magnetization phenomenon.

Findings

Thermal vorticity satisfies global equilibrium conditions.

The model predicts a new thermovortical magnetization effect.

Magnetization due to thermal vorticity can be experimentally observed in graphene.

Abstract

We examine the framework of relativistic spin-hydrodynamics in the context of electron hydrodynamics in graphene. We develop a spin-hydrodynamic model for a (2 + 1)-dimensional system of fermions under the condition of small spin polarization. Our analysis confirms that thermal vorticity, which satisfies the global equilibrium condition, is also a solution to the spin-hydrodynamic equations. Additionally, we calculate the magnetization of the system in global equilibrium and introduce a novel phenomenon - thermovortical magnetization - resulting from thermal vorticity, which can be experimentally observed in graphene.